Sure enough, on May 6, the seventh year of Tianqi, Huang Taiji led his army to the west, and selected 20,000 elite troops from the army that conquered Korea, crossing the Liao River seven or eight days before, and the squadrons had arrived at Luyang Post, and the troops headed straight to Jinzhou.

As early as the war of invasion of Korea in the Later Jin Dynasty ended, the court was strengthening its vigilance against western Liaoning, and the peace talks were in a stalemate. It had to be prevented. The fall of North Korea further aggravated this concern. The general was added and Du Wenhuan was ordered to station in Ningyuan, You Shilu was stationed in Jinzhou, Hou Shilu was stationed in Qiantun, Zuofu was stationed in Dalinghe, Mangui was stationed in Guanmen, and to control the above four towns and Yanhe, Jianchang four routes, and grant Shangfang swords to emphasize power. When the alarm of the Later Jin soldiers crossing the Liaohe River came, the court quickly adjusted the defense areas of each general.

, Redeployed troops: Mangui was ordered to move to Qiantun in Zhen, and the former Hou Shilu and the general of Santun in Santun were Sun Zushou, the Xuanfu, and the Heiyunlong moved to Yishi, and the governor of Ji Liao, Yan Mingtai moved to Zhenguancheng. At this time, General Zhao Rujiao Shang was responsible for building a city in Jinzhou, and ordered him to "defend the city" with his deputy generals Zuo Fu, Zhu Mei, and the eunuchs of the army. Yuan Chonghuan was ordered to station in Ningyuan, to be dispatched in the middle, and to prepare for both battles. Most of these generals had been in battle formations for a long time, fought bravely and experienced.

As early as February of the seventh year of Tianqi, the court transferred the king's ministers back to the capital for centralized command, and appointed the Prince Taibao Minister of War, "to prepare for the tent and make plans from time to time." The troops inside and outside the pass were all dispatched by Yuan Chonghuan, and the eunuch of the military supervisor Liu Yingkun followed the army and acted cheaply. Under Yuan Chonghuan's command, the fierce generals on the front line played a major role. In order to fight against the Later Jin soldiers, the court dispatched 120,000 troops, of which 40,000 guarded Shanhaiguan and 80,000 guarded the outside of the pass, and 60,000 guarded the front garrison, Ningyuan, Zhonghou, and Zhongyou. Among these four cities, Ningyuan is the most important.

Yuan Chonghuan did not take a single step in Ningyuan, and directly commanded the city's 35,000 troops and horses, all of which were engaged in combat and defense, and supported Jinzhou at any time.

The garrison of Shanhaiguan City and various passes, and the task of guarding the pass and aiding the cities outside the pass was very insufficient. The minister of the Ministry of War Wang Zhichen suggested that soldiers and horses be drawn from nearby towns to help Shanhaiguan quickly. Emperor Tianqi issued an order: transfer 10,000 from Changping, with general Li Jiaxun as the general; transfer 5,000 from Tianjin, with deputy general money as the general; transfer 5,000 from Baoding, with general Wang Ji as the general. Then, he selected 5,000 from Xuanfu and Datong, and accompanied the army and fire, and went to the mountains and seas at night.

At the same time, from Shanxi to Henan, Shandong and Zhili, all the troops and horses should be selected, packed and wrapped in grain, and used them to be prepared for the emergency, and listened to the order at any time. As of May 29, more than 30,000 officers and soldiers from various towns had gathered in Liao, and they had gathered in the gates and were ready for war. In total, there were more than 150,000 defenders and reinforcements inside and outside the gates, all of which were elite soldiers and generals, and all the elite soldiers outside the gates were on the front line. Weapons, armor, horses, fire, countless soldiers were sophisticated and craftsmanship that they quickly went to the front line.

Zhu Yinglong, who was far away in Beijing, was also very concerned about the upcoming Ningjin Battle. Xiong Hu even made a small sand table in the royal palace and pulled Zhu Yinglong to accompany her to play tactical deductions.

Yuan Chonghuan learned from the experience of the Battle of Ningyuan and still adopted a combat policy that focused on sticking to the main purpose.

On May 11, facing the rising sun, about 60,000 soldiers from the Later Jin Dynasty were led by Huang Taiji, and camped on all sides to surround Jinzhou. At this time, the Ming general Zhao led the sect in Jinzhou, responsible for building the city. The court had just issued a new appointment, ordering You Shilu to defend Jinzhou on behalf of Zhao led the sect, and the deputy general Zuo Fu was the vanguard of Dalinghe. Before they took office, the Later Jin soldiers had surrounded Jinzhou. Dalinghe, Youtun and other cities had not been repaired at this time and had no firmness to rely on. When the Later Jin soldiers were about to arrive, Zuo Fu and others retreated to Jinzhou to defend, and the small forts along the border were also "merged" to the nearby city. Together with the Guanmen, the ministers defended one after another, and implemented a solid wall and clearing the fields. All grain and stones in the Hexi River were transported to Jinzhou. Where there were grass, people were sent to set fire to burn, so that the Later Jin army could not be plundered and trapped themselves.

Huang Taiji's intention to attack Jinzhou was very obvious. What he was most worried about was that once the Ming Ningjin defense line was consolidated, it would be difficult for the Later Jin Dynasty to advance westward, and he could not go straight to Shanhaiguan. Therefore, despite the thousands of miles of continuous march and fighting between the Eight Banners soldiers from Korea to western Liaoning, he could not wait to advance westward to Ningjin, trying to break the western Liaoning defense line in one fell swoop. He realized his strategic idea of ​​being able to go south at any time. On the one hand, he surrounded Jinzhou, and on the other hand, he sent another army across Jinzhou and approached Ningyuan. His purpose was to cut off the Ming army and support Jinzhou, and to specialize in Jinzhou with his main force.

When the Later Jin soldiers arrived outside Jinzhou City, General Zhao Rujiao and others were frightened by the fierceness of the Later Jin soldiers. In order to delay the time and wait for reinforcements, they immediately sent two generals to the Later Jin camp to negotiate peace. Huang Taiji wanted to surrender without fighting in Jinzhou, so he naturally did not miss this good opportunity. He received the envoy with courtesy and wrote a letter to Zhao Rujiao, advising him to surrender, or discuss peace with courtesy, and he accepted it. After the letter was brought back to the city, there was no reply.

The next day, on May 12, Huang Taiji ordered an attack. The soldiers were divided into two groups, each carrying the ladder and getting the sign, and rushed straight to the city. They used horses and infantry to join the west and north sides of the city. Zhao Shujiao, Zuo Fu, Zhu Mei and eunuch Ji Yongdu were wearing armor, personally posed arrows and stones, and supervising the generals of each battalion to shoot with force. The artillery fire and arrows were handed over as rain. There were countless casualties and flesh and blood flying across the city. The Later Jin soldiers risked their lives to attack. Seeing that they were broken through in the west corner of the city, Zhao Shujiao urgently ordered the soldiers guarding the city from three sides to reinforce, and finally repelled the fierce attack of the Later Jin soldiers. The battle began in the morning hours.

It lasted until the Xu hour in the evening, and the corpses filled the roads under the city walls. At the hour in the evening, the Later Jin soldiers quietly dispatched, dragging the bodies of the dead, piled up in the kiln used by the former imperial court to burn bricks and stones, and burned them. Late at night, Huang Taiji ordered his troops to retreat for five miles and camp in the southwest of the city. In the early morning of the next day, he besieged the city with cavalry and walked around the city, but did not dare to approach the city wall. He also wanted to lure the Ming soldiers to surrender, so he sent envoys to surrender three times, but they were all rejected by Zhao Rujiao. Zhao Rujiao stood on the city and said to the Later Jin envoys under the city: "The city can be attacked, but it cannot be lobbyed!"

After hearing this, Huang Taiji became angry and ordered the attack. Apart from increasing casualties, the Later Jin soldiers gained nothing! The attack was forced to stop, and Huang Taiji wrote another letter of persuasion and shot the city with an arrow. He wrote several letters, but there was no response in the city. Therefore, the Later Jin soldiers launched another attack, but there was no progress for several days.

The Later Jin focused on besieging Jinzhou, and it was expected that Ming soldiers would come to rescue them, and then lure them to fight in the field so that they could use their cavalry and shooting skills to annihilate the vitality of Ming soldiers in one fell swoop. However, Yuan Chonghuan had long understood Huang Taiji's intention, believing that if sending troops to aid Jin, he "because of his plan", his advice to the court was: "The four cities in Ningyuan are barriers of mountains and seas. If Ningyuan is not solid, the mountains and seas will be shaken. Due to the safety of the world, the safety of the world is not daring to withdraw the guards of the four cities and save them from far away, and only send strange troops to force them." The minister of the Minister of War Wang approved his strategy and ordered that "the four cities outside the pass should be strong."

, they must not be moved by the temptation of the Later Jin Dynasty. They each defended the city and relied on their own strength to fight the attack of the Later Jin soldiers. However, the safety of Jinzhou was related to Ningyuan's survival. Jinzhou was surrounded and had to be rescued. Moreover, the Later Jin attacked Jinzhou and was reluctant to leave, and it was urgent to send troops to rescue. The Ministry of War believed that "for the sake of the present, we should focus on resolving the siege, and the rescue plan was mainly based on responsibilities to command the general." Emperor Tianqi ordered the "Aiding Jin Battle" to be mangui, You Shilu and Zu Dashou, the three generals, and the rest remained unmoved.

On May 16, just as the Later Jin attacked Jinzhou fiercely, the court ordered Man Gui to select 10,000 elite troops from the Shanhaiguan garrison to go to Jinzhou to rescue the siege. Yuan Chonghuan suggested that another 2,000 were selected from the ten thousand, and two thousand outside the pass, totaling four thousand elite cavalry. You Shilu and Zu Dashou were ordered to supervise the troops and cross the road to the back of the Later Jin soldiers. If one fights to the death, it may work. Another navy will go east to the sea to restrain the Later Jin...

Yuan Chonghuan's arrangement was so sophisticated that the court agreed in principle, but considering the Jinzhou crisis and urgently needed rescue, Man Gui, You Shilu, Zu Dashou and others were ordered to lead 10,000 troops to the east to aid Jinzhou and fight against the Later Jin soldiers from the front. On May 16, he arrived at Zulishan and encountered the Later Jin soldiers.

Huang Taiji's fifth brothers, Mangguertai, Jiergalang and others were ordered to lead a partial division to Tashan to protect the food and soldiers. Its outpost was meeting Ming reinforcements. The Ming soldiers did not dare to move forward and slowly retreated. The Later Jin soldiers followed him. When the follow-up troops came up, they divided into two groups to surround the Ming soldiers in the center. Mangui, You Shilu and others rushed to fight. However, neither side dared to fight, and the battle ended soon. The casualties of both sides were generally equal, with only more than a hundred in total. The court reinforcements retreated to Ningyuan to station, while the Later Jin soldiers retreated to Tashan.

At the city of Jinzhou, the Later Jin soldiers continued to attack for 14 days without any progress and suffered heavy casualties. On the 25th, Huang Taiji sent people back to Shenyang to obtain reinforcements and arrived at the Jinzhou camp. He rested for one day. On the morning of the 27th, he led the Great Beile Daishan, the Two Beile Amin, the Three Beile Mangurtai, Jierhalang, Ajige, Sahalin and others to raise tens of thousands of troops to Ningyuan. Jinzhou temporarily withdrew the siege, leaving only a small part to monitor the movements of the Ming army.

At dawn on the 28th, the Later Jin soldiers appeared in Beigang, Ningyuan City, holding the five-color flag, camped in Huishan, Kulongshan, Shoushan, Lianshan, and the South China Sea, forming a surround of Ningyuan.

In Ningyuan City, Yuan Chonghuan, the army supervisor Liu Yingkun, and deputy envoy Bi Zisu supervised the soldiers to defend. Outside the city, the train camp was digging deep trenches, and the Ming soldiers retreated to the inside of the territory to set up camp. Man Gui led reinforcements to assist the guards outside the city, and ordered General Sun Zushou and Deputy General Xu Dingguo to camp at the Ximen Gate, and ordered Deputy General You Shiwei and others to line up two miles east of the city to prepare firearms to fight.

Huang Taiji led the Beile to the front of the formation. After comparing the terrain, he said to the generals behind him: "This place is approaching the city wall and it is difficult to attack as much as possible. You can retreat to observe the movements of the Ming soldiers." So, the entire army retreated and retreated to the back of the hill. His intention was to lure the Ming soldiers to charge while they retreated, so that they could leave their positions, and create a chance for cavalry and shooting to attack the Later Jin soldiers so as to wipe out the aids outside the city. However, the Ming soldiers were still firm and did not take the bait. Huang Taiji had no other way,

He decided to attack. His brother Daishan and Manguertai tried to persuade him to be too close to the city to attack. Huang Taiji shouted at Zhubeile angrily: "My father was unable to attack Ningyuan, but today I did not attack Jinzhou. If I could not win this field war, how could I show our power?" After that, he personally led Bele Azige and the generals, guards and escorts to attack. Zhubeile felt ashamed and had no time to Dai Zhou, so he hurriedly slapped his horse and rushed forward.

In an instant, thousands of troops galloped, dust rolling, flags waving, covering the scorching sun in May...

Under the city, Li Chunhua, the capital of the Mingche Camp, commanded the attack with firearms such as "Red Barbarians", "Mulonghu", and "Destroying the Evil"; Man Gui personally supervised the Red Flag, and led the generals of each battalion to face it, and started a close-knit melee with the Later Jin cavalry that rushed up.

On the city, Yuan Chonghuan commanded him to launch more powerful Western cannons to bombard him. He shouted loudly and inspired the soldiers to go in and out of the way.

Man Gui was a Mongolian, brave and good at fighting. He led his Guanning Iron Cavalry to rush left and right, and was invincible. During the battle, the Ming soldiers who died of swords and arrows and the Later Jin soldiers who fell into artillery fire were corpses all over the city. Man Gui, who was the bravest of the three armies, was shot several arrows in the melee, and his mounts of Youshiwei were also shot. Later Jin Xiao generals Jirhalang and Daishan's two young and warlike sons Sahalin and Vakda were seriously injured. The guerrillas Juelubaishan, Beiyubaxi and others were shot to death.

The battle started in the morning and lasted until noon. The imperial army fought to the death and refused to retreat. The casualties of the Later Jin Dynasty became increasingly serious. Seeing that there was no hope of victory, Huang Taiji had to stop the attack and retreated to Shuangshupu camp. There were about thousands of people who died in the battle and corpses were all over the ground.

Ningyuan's city was stronger than Jinzhou, with strong soldiers and horses. In terms of number, there were more Yuan Chonghuan in command. Man Gui, You Shiwei, Zu Dashou and other powerful generals fought outside the city, and firearms cooperated, forcing the Later Jin soldiers to get close to the city, and even had no chance to attack the city! After this battle, Huang Taiji knew that Ningyuan was more difficult to attack than Jinzhou, so he made the decision to withdraw his troops without hesitation and returned to Jinzhou from Ningyuan on the 29th.

When the Later Jin soldiers fought at Ningyuan City, the Ming soldiers of Jinzhou took advantage of their weak power and suddenly opened the city gate and rushed out, attacked the Houjin camp, gave some damage, and then quickly withdrew back to the city. The battle report was sent to Huang Taiji. He felt that he was attacked from both sides and had to withdraw his troops from Ningyuan. On the 30th, as soon as the army returned to the Jinzhou city, he immediately surrounded him. On the night of June 2, Huang Taiji wrote a letter, shot into the city, and persuaded Zhao Shujiao to surrender. The eunuch Ji Yong and Zhao Shujiao replied a letter, shot into the Houjin camp with arrows, rejected his persuasion to surrender, and insisted on defending the city.

Huang Taiji's persuasion of surrender was ineffective, so he launched a large-scale siege battle in the early morning of the fourth day. He personally visited the teaching ground two miles southeast of the city to supervise the siege. Tens of thousands of horses and infantry swarmed up, using their main force to attack the south of the city, and the other three sides were feinted attacks to restrain the Ming soldiers and reduce the pressure of the main attack. The Ming soldiers used Western giant cannons, artillery, fire bullets and arrows to attack, creating a powerful firepower net. The Later Jin soldiers risked their lives to carry chariots and rush to cross the moat. The trenches were deep and wide, and they could not pass. Many soldiers were crowded on the side of the trenches and were constantly hit by artillery fire.

A pile of corpses were left in the trenches; some of them crossed the trenches and were attacked by arrows and stones and fire bombs under the city, and they all fell to death. The corpses were piled up like mountains under the city. Huang Taiji still tried his best to supervise the attack, and at all costs he wanted to seize the entire city. By noon, the casualties of the Later Jin soldiers were more than before. The Ming soldiers fired firearms from the city with their thick walls and deep moats, forcing the Later Jin soldiers to get close to the city wall. The battle continued until the evening. When the Later Jin soldiers had no hope of victory, Huang Taiji ordered the attack to stop.

During the 24 days of attacking and besieging Jinning, the Later Jin soldiers suffered more and more casualties, and they caught up with the summer weather. The heatstroke caused the troops to lose their troops and their morale and combat effectiveness. Huang Taiji decided to train. That night, the army began to retreat from Jinzhou for a whole night. Until dawn the next day, they passed by Xiaolinghe City and destroyed all the walls and fortifications that the Ming soldiers had built. On six days, they went to Dalinghe City, demolished the walls and then led the troops to lead them.

The Later Jin soldiers had just withdrawn. On June 6, Yuan Chonghuan quickly went to the Jinzhou Report of Certificate and said: "On May 11, Jinzhou was surrounded on all sides, with three great battles and three victories, twenty-five minor battles, and they were defeated every day. On June 4, the enemy re-emerged troops to attack, and the city used Western cannons, artillery, fire bullets and arrows to damage the soldiers outside the city. After that night, Wugu retreated to the east..." In the past month, the Ming army won three major victories, which were called "Ningjin Victory".

After nearly a month of Ning Jin's battle, Zhu Yinglong's whole nerves were tense. The battle reports and reports kept coming from Liaodong, which made him dizzy. There was also news from the shadows coming from the front. In summary, this victory in Ning Jin's battle was not a coincidence.

First of all, in terms of power comparison, the Later Jin was obviously at a disadvantage. The imperial court had a total of 120,000 soldiers inside and outside the pass, plus more than 30,000 reinforcements, which had exceeded 150,000. There were still several provincial soldiers on standby and transferred to the front line at any time. The 80,000 soldiers outside the pass, plus more than 10,000 reinforcements from Mangui, reached about 90,000, which had surpassed the Later Jin in terms of military strength. It also had strong city defense, which was a battle for the city, and had an advantage in terms of military strength.

Secondly, the time for the Later Jin Dynasty to choose to use troops was not appropriate. When the Later Jin army was about to launch a western expedition to Jinzhou, the Later Jin Dynasty had already violated the taboos of military strategists. Only the beacon and long posts were cleared, the walls were strong and cleared, and the field was waiting for labor and fullness. It was like guarding the story of Ningyuan Yingcheng in the year, and the grain and stones in Hexi had been transported to Jinzhou, coming thousands of miles, the wilderness had nowhere to be plundered, and it would be sooner or later that it would be a mess to return.

Third, the Ming Dynasty made the most complete and best preparations for this battle. Since the last victory in Ningyuan, it has not stopped preparing for war, building cities, garrisoning fields, transporting enough food and pay, storing ammunition and weapons, and equipped its troops. The elite soldiers and generals gathered in the front line. In the end, Yuan Chonghuan used the 500,000 taels of silver left by Zhu Yinglong. With enough silver, the built city walls will be stronger and the preparation will be more sufficient.

In contrast, the Later Jin Dynasty was very poorly prepared. After expeditioning Korea, it rushed into battle when it heard the news of the Ming army building a city. It can be said that it was not prepared in terms of thought and materiality. Moreover, it used tired soldiers to deal with the Ming army who were waiting for work. Huang Taiji rashly led his army to fight on the battlefield, made great moves, and went on a hasty battle, which shows that he was too eager for quick success and instant benefits.

Fourth, Ming implemented the correct combat strategy, namely, Yuan Chonghuan's strategy of defending as the main and fighting as the second. During the Battle of Ningyuan, he had already been tested. By the Battle of Ningjin, he further played the huge role of artillery and the city. At the same time, he dispatched troops to fight and fight, and implemented a combination of war and defense. After a war, Ningyuan City was baptized by a war, the city was more elite and generals, and Huang Taiji underestimated the enemy too much. In terms of tactics, Huang Taiji was still his father's set of fighting styles, which led Ming soldiers to fight in field battles. If they failed, they would use cavalry and shooting to attack, and use chariots and ladders as attack tools. How could they deal with powerful firearms? This was in front of the new strategy and new weapons of the court, and it had fallen behind the times, so its failure was inevitable.

Fifth and most important point, the officials and soldiers of the court shared the same hatred of the enemy and dared to fight and win. Especially the Liaodong people who fought to defend their hometown were particularly brave. Liao generals Zhu Mei, Zu Dashou and others "are all brave enough to win every battle". This proves that the policy of "using the Liao people to defend Liao territory" is completely correct. Inspiring their passion for defending their hometown, they can produce huge combat effectiveness! It should also be pointed out that in the Ningjin Battle, the eunuch party led by Wei Zhongxian did not give any stumbling to Yuan Chonghuan on the front line, and the major policies were relatively consistent, thus ensuring the unified command of the front line.

Regarding Xiong Hu who was aware of the analysis, Zhu Yinglong really felt that it was a mistake to tie Xiong Hu to her. She should have a sky of her own.

Ningjin's victory should be attributed to the Ningjin defense line and correct strategy and tactics constructed by Yuan Chonghuan, which is the most important basic condition for victory. There is no doubt that Yuan Chonghuan should rank first in the credit book of Ningjin's victory. However, Wei Zhongxian and his eunuchs stole this huge honor. The foolish Emperor Tianqi declared: "Ningjin is in danger, and he depends on the dispatch of the Chenchen to make a wonderful contribution." Also known as: "Ningjin's victory in victory was all secretly painted by the Chenchen."

All of them were counted as Wei Zhongxian and his followers. From Wei Zhongxian, hundreds of people who had nothing to do with the Ningjin Battle were rewarded and promoted. Wei Zhongxian was rewarded in a month, and his favor and honor had reached an unparalleled level! Only Yuan Chonghuan "had been in danger for six years, and his old mother and wife were devoting their dedication and earning great contributions." However, he was reluctant to give him a reward until he was forced to resign. He was forced to give him a "one-level title, a reward of thirty taels of silver, and two big red silks".

Wei Zhongxian jealous of his achievements and instructed his followers to expel Yuan Chonghuan from the court. First, he accused him of not saving Jinzhou as "dung". Later Jin soldiers began to surround Jinzhou. The court unanimously determined the policy of keeping trustworthy places and not being able to make lightly rescue, and entrusted the support of Jin to Mangui, You Shilu and Zu Dashou. They sent troops twice, but were both blocked in the middle of the journey and could not go deeper. Second, they attacked him to negotiate peace, which led to the Later Jin invasion of Korea in the east and the westward expedition of Ningjin. For example, Liu Hui, the Censor of the Supervisor of the Henan Province, Li Yingjian, and others handed over the seal of impeachment and demanded "from heavy discussions". Third, the origin of the money for building cities and garrisoning the grain was unknown, and he embezzled military pay and accepted bribes, and affair with the Later Jin Dynasty. Yuan Chonghuan was very successful.

He was excluded by the eunuch party, so he submitted a "retirement" on July 1st and applied for resignation on the grounds of illness. Under the instigation of Wei Zhongxian, Emperor Tianqi quickly approved his application, writing: Yuan Chonghuan "reported to be sick, and his words were sincere, so he was allowed to return to his hometown to undergo treatment." He also criticized Li Yingjian's memorial: "Yuan Chonghuan was in a state of fury, and the matter was in trouble, and he had already allowed him to seek treatment." Emperor Tianqi thought of his contribution in Ningjin, and the proposal of asking for money and not aid to Jinzhou would not be investigated. The embezzlement of military pay and bribes received were also used to build cities and garrison grain to defend the city and lose his merits. He also found that there was no evidence to investigate the investigation. This was the greatest "grace" he gave to Yuan Chonghuan.

Faced with this result, Zhu Yinglong felt very uncomfortable. The third crime was all because of him. If it weren't for his 500,000 taels of silver, Yuan Chonghuan would not have been guilty of this crime. With his current ability, he might not have helped him. Wei Zhongxian regained the high trust of Emperor Tianqi with the "Ningjin Victory". Moreover, several concubines of Emperor Tianqi were pregnant at the same time. The fastest one was pregnant for nine months and was about to give birth. His situation suddenly became difficult, as long as one of them was born.

If the boy is born, this boy may be made the crown prince by Emperor Tianqi. Will Emperor Tianqi still make himself the crown prince like the history he knows? Zhu Yinglong didn't know at all. Will he have to imitate Chengzu and make another "Jingnan Incident"? Although he vaguely guessed that the child born was not the seed of Emperor Tianqi, what would the people in the world think? What would those stubborn loyal ministers think? Chengzu seized the throne of his nephew and almost killed all the original ministers before he stabilized the throne. Should he also hold up the butcher's knife?
Chapter completed!