Ouyang Xuan Training and Research Institute staff mainly adopts the on-site teaching model. The first stop he arrived at was the newly established artillery foundry, to watch the trial production of the Tiger Crouching Cannon and the Mother and Child Cannon - the Franco machine gun.

Before going to Qiongzhou to sell salt, Ouyang Xuan had drawn detailed drawings of these two cannons to Li San'er, asking them to try out and imitate them first. At present, a sample cannon has been produced. The test cannon is still in Liuli.

In a secluded place by the dam mountain, two newly built tiger squatting cannons and mother and child cannons were tested separately. From the perspective of range and explosion effect, the tiger squatting cannon is obviously not as good as the mother and child cannon, but even so, after the loud noise and smoke,

, the small trees and bushes in the shell scattering area were blown down, and the vegetation not far from the explosion point was also blown to pieces. This made everyone applaud, and also made Hu Erchui, who was in charge of casting the cannon, quite proud.

The gun foundry is the core unit of the industrial company. It was expanded from Tiejiang Hu's blacksmith shop. Li Saner is now also the director of the factory, and Tiejiang Hu's second son Hu Erchui is the deputy director. Unlike everyone who was overjoyed, Ouyang Xuan did not

Cheering. He walked closer to see the effect of the explosion, then returned to the test cannon to observe the two cannons carefully. He also put his hand into the still warm barrel and rubbed it repeatedly. After a while,

Afterwards, he first encouraged Hu Erchui and others, and then turned to Li San'er and said: "These two cannons still need to be recast." As soon as these words came out, not only Li San'er and the craftsmen who cast the cannons were killed.

The smile also made everyone in the research institute beside him puzzled. Especially Du Daquan and other people who had never seen an artillery launch were even more surprised. This power was like a thunderbolt falling from the sky. Brother Xuan was not satisfied?

Seeing that everyone was puzzled, Ouyang Xuan asked everyone to stand around the cannon and explained the reason for recasting the cannon: "First of all, although the barrel of this tiger squatting cannon is reinforced with iron rings, its thickness is uneven and the inner and outer walls are rough.

It's uneven and even has potholes. If it's fired continuously, it will inevitably explode and injure itself; besides, this mother-child cannon

In addition to the same problem as the Tiger Crouching Cannon, the biggest problem is that the length of the barrel is too short and the ratio between the caliber and the caliber is inappropriate. There is also the gap between the sub-cannon and the main cannon that is too large, resulting in a shorter range and less power.

". Ouyang Xuan pointed to the parts of the artillery and explained the direction of improvement to everyone.

Artillery barrels are easily produced by casting processes. In addition to improving the mold and polishing the inner bore, we can also use strengthened management methods to improve quality, such as engraving the name of the craftsman on the barrel. As for the ratio of the diameter of the mother and child barrels, it is a long-term practice.

Based on the scientific questions obtained, Ouyang Xuan directly told Li Saner and others that the diameter ratio of the artillery should be within 2

Between 0 and 30 times. The fitting gap of the mother-child cannon is large, and insufficient closure will lead to insufficient chamber pressure. This is mainly caused by insufficient production accuracy. The range of the mother-child cannon test this time is only about two miles, and

Its prototype Folang machine gun can shoot about five miles. After Ouyang Xuan explained the principle in detail, everyone suddenly understood and their admiration for him deepened.

While paying close attention to artillery casting, Ouyang Xuan also went to various major production sites in the industry and mining industry for on-site investigation. In addition to solving some production problems on site, he also collected many technical problems. He asked Du Daquan to record the problems one by one for future research.

direction. In addition, Ouyang Xuan also sorted out a list of short-term and long-term research priorities for the institute, listed the main methods and steps, and clearly requested that he work with colleagues and mining companies to jointly develop production processes.

These technologies are necessary for the development and growth of the Pili Army.

The first focus of recent research is cement firing technology. Cement is used in construction quickly and is extremely strong. Combined with artillery, it will definitely become a fortress that will crush the teeth of the Mongolian army. The three main raw materials for cement production are limestone, clay and iron.

There is no shortage of mines in the mountains, and production is difficult

It’s not big, and only requires three production processes. The first step is to grind limestone and clay together into raw meal. The second step is to calcine the raw meal until it is partially or fully melted. This product is called clinker. The third step is to make the cooked meal

Cement can be produced by grinding and mixing the raw materials with iron powder or iron slag.

The second focus in the near future is to improve steelmaking furnace technology. The focus is to improve the blast equipment. The existing equipment is a manually pulled sheepskin bellows, which has a small air output and requires a lot of manpower. The next step is to consider using hydraulically pulled blast equipment.

, and blowing in the heated wind, which will increase the furnace temperature and make the quality of the steel produced better. At the same time, we also need to experiment with using fluorite as a solvent for blast furnace steelmaking. Now Liuliba uses limestone.

As a solvent, Ouyang Xuan also wrote detailed instructions under the relevant list in order to solve the problem of "knowing it but not knowing why". For example, he wrote the function in the solvent entry: Limestone can make impurities in molten iron adhere to

Among them, the oxide slag formed is easy to clean and is conducive to the purity of molten iron; fluorite is a flux, which lowers the melting point after being added to the furnace, shortens the smelting time, and removes impurities in the steel.

The third item of recent focus is the development of musket barrels. The most difficult part of the musket is the seemingly simple barrel. The main reason is that the barrel cannot be cast like an artillery piece, but can only be made through the rolling method, cutting method and

The extrusion method is used for production. However, the tube rolling method is hand-made, and the production efficiency is extremely low. A skilled craftsman cannot make a few tubes in a month, and the manufactured barrels are of different sizes. The cutting method requires machine tools, that is, in

Drill a straight hole in the barrel blank, then insert a turning tool and pull out the rifling bit by bit. Although this production method is still slow, it is much faster than the barrel rolling method. Because of the rifling, the accuracy of the bullet is also improved.

High. As for the extrusion method, which requires an extrusion device in addition to a machine tool, there are currently no research conditions. Therefore, Ouyang Xuan's idea is to first use the simplest rolling method to produce a small amount of gun barrels, and then use the cutting method to mass-produce guns.

Tube.

The first focus of long-term research is the large-scale production of sulfuric acid and nitric acid technology. There are many raw materials for making sulfuric acid. In addition to sulfur mines in the mountains, sulfur dioxide gas can also be collected from iron ore and coal, and after mixing with excess air and water vapor,

It is passed into a corrosion-resistant lead chamber and becomes dilute sulfuric acid. There are no lead mines in the mountains now, but a large ceramic cylinder can be used to replace the lead chamber. As for nitric acid, since there is fire salt ore, we only need to explore the production according to the method written by Ouyang Xuan

Just the process and craftsmanship.

The second focus of long-term research is the production of caustic soda. The production of caustic soda is also very simple. It only requires sodium sulfate, charcoal, and limestone to be heated together in a furnace. The sodium sulfate and charcoal in the furnace react to generate sodium sulfide and carbon monoxide, and then sodium sulfide and limestone

The reaction will produce sodium carbonate and calcium sulfide. After purification, caustic soda (sodium carbonate) can be obtained. When writing this

Ouyang Xuan told Du Daquan who was standing next to him that the underground plains outside the mountains contained extremely rich sodium sulfate minerals, which made Du Daquan look puzzled. But when Ouyang Xuan told him another name for sodium sulfate, Du Daquan suddenly realized: "

Yes, Yixing Township, not far from Hengyuan, produces this Glauber's Salt. It is also a traditional Chinese medicine and the price is extremely cheap."

The third focus of long-term research is the improvement of gunpowder. Compared with modern gunpowder, the explosive power of black gunpowder is much smaller. After purchasing cotton cloth in Qiongzhou and regenerating sulfuric acid and nitric acid, smokeless gunpowder and nitroglycerin can be developed.

Modern gunpowder. In addition, the improvement of grenade and shell triggering technology is inseparable from the production of mercury fulminate. This is also a technology that the research institute needs to learn and pay attention to.

The fourth long-term research focus is very important but has nothing to do with industry and mining, but is related to engineering companies. This is the construction of bastions. In the future, after the Pili army artillery shows its power, it will definitely be imitated and plagiarized. How to guard against other people's artillery attacks?

, in addition to preventing technology

In addition to leaks, defense measures are also needed, and a bastion equipped with artillery is the best defense against artillery attacks. Ouyang Xuan cannot remember the specific structure of the bastion, so he can only draw a simple schematic diagram with an explanation of the principles, and let the engineering company

Improve gradually based on actual situation.

There are specialties in the arts. Although Ouyang Xuan is proficient in chemical knowledge, due to his occupation, he has also dabbled in knowledge such as mining and gun manufacturing, but most of them have only half-knowledge and only know the direction and general content. What he teaches

Knowledge still needs constant experimentation before modern science and technology can be transplanted to the late Southern Song Dynasty. And he has so many affairs that it is impossible to do everything by himself. He must

It is very important to work together to bring out the enthusiasm and intelligence of everyone. For this reason, the improvement of the scientific research incentive mechanism is very important. At the military and political meeting, Ouyang Xuan also put forward suggestions for promoting scientific research. In addition to actively discovering and introducing talents, it mainly focuses on making achievements in research.
Chapter completed!