Chapter 255 The Rise of the Third Class
Both Li Zhaoyu and Li Zhaocheng later admitted that their trips in Amsterdam and Paris in their youth brought deep shock to the two, and for a long time, many miserable misery lingered.
In Amsterdam, they saw many miserable textile workers. They lived in buildings on the edge of the city, each family was only a few square meters, and the beds were mostly covered with grass. The crowded textile mills were filled with female workers and child labor. Factory owners were also more willing to hire female workers and child labor because they could reduce expenses. These workers endured the bullying and beating and scolding of foremen, and managed the rape of female workers. There were endless things about girls.
They are also exploited by unstable prices, often working twelve hours a day, but they cannot exchange for food to fill their stomachs. At first, Li Zhaocheng saw that young workers were everywhere in Amsterdam's factories. He thought that young people in Europe would rather devote themselves to the factory, but later he got a bloody fact that due to malnutrition, beatings and long-term work, workers' lifespan is very low, with an average of only twenty-five years, or even lower.
It’s not that young people yearn for factories, but that they don’t have the chance to live until they are older.
This shocked Li Zhaocheng, and he finally understood why history books regarded the reduction of the number of workers protests that broke out in the empire every year as the achievement of the rule of law construction in the empire. If workers did not rise up to resist, capitalists would not treat workers as human beings at all.
When they set out from Shin Kyung, the two brothers thought about how to make achievements and show their ambitions overseas. After living in Amsterdam for a while, they wanted to return to their country and see if the people of the empire and those of the same language and race were also bullied.
Amsterdam is the fastest-growing place in Europe, and it is also the most evil and inhumane place in Europe now.
When they arrived in Paris, they saw another scene. The whole of Paris was in chaos, with protesters everywhere, crowds gathered in places where food was given, and fighting occurred from time to time. On the roadside, beggars were everywhere, many of them were disabled people, many of them were those who shed blood for France during the Great Alliance War and the Spanish War of the Succession of the Throne.
But the ruling class of France, the so-called servants of God counted the people's wealth and tithes in the church. The nobles wearing exquisite wigs were enjoying themselves in the Palace of Versailles and the salons in Paris. The ruling class was accustomed to the misery that the city of Paris showed, and they did not think there was anything special about this. For more than a thousand years, France has been like this.
Absolute power leads to absolute corruption. This is the consensus between the two brothers. They also realize why the grandfather named their empire, could be called emperor, and implemented the imperial system, but chose to establish a country with a binary constitutional monarchy.
Feudal forces and capitalism must check and balance each other. If there is a bourgeoisie, the nobles dare not enslave the world. If there is a noble, the capitalists dare not completely exploit it. However, if we want to maintain the current situation in the empire, two conditions must be met.
The emperor of the empire must be a person with a conscience and a sense of justice.
Military aristocrats and bourgeoisie cannot merge. They must fight and fight without breaking.
But vaguely, the two felt that this dynamic balance was very difficult to maintain. Perhaps the emperor, as his uncle, also knew this and has continuously improved the status of imperial workers in recent years.
"I want to go to a cafe on Orleans Street tomorrow, where are you?" Li Zhaoyu and his brothers sat in the study, each writing a diary for one day. Li Zhaoyu asked his younger brother.
Li Zhaocheng thought for a while and said, "Okay, I want to go and have a look."
The French have not had a long history of drinking coffee, but have developed very rapidly over the years. Cafes are a very special place in Paris, especially when the situation is turbulent.
Those who can drink coffee and go to cafes are all middle-class people in Paris. They are clerks, journalists, lawyers, writers, doctors and factory managers. Most of the professions of these people are related to politics and government. Therefore, social places such as cafes are the most lively places in Paris where politics is discussed in the city of Paris.
At the same time, these people belong to the third level, namely the civilian level, and are naturally dissatisfied with their current political status.
When Li Zhaocheng took out the map and discussed which cafe to go to tomorrow, Shaojie rushed in in panic. Li Zhaocheng is still an imperial guard and immediately stood up to salute. Shaojie said, "I heard you were going to the cafe just now?"
"Yes, is the sir going? Is there anything you want to recommend?" Li Zhaocheng asked.
During this period, Shaojie dealt with the nobles on behalf of the two, and Li Zhaocheng felt that he might know better.
"No, you can't go anywhere, pack up immediately. We will set off tomorrow morning. I have already sent a command to the dock. We must leave Paris and France as soon as possible."
Li Zhaoyu asked: "What happened?"
"I got the exact news that the Grand League made a request for peace talks to Versailles, and Versailles was ready to agree to their request."
“Don’t this mean the war is over?”
Shaojie shook his head: "No, this means the situation is out of control. The Grand Alliance's demands include cede land and colonies, as well as opening the French market. More importantly, they demand 500 million livre compensation.
Especially the opening of the market and compensation will bring huge benefits to the third class of France. You know, the French nobles and priests do not pay taxes. And the news I just got was that Louis XIV sent a representative in Strasbourg to ask the French nobles to take out 10% of their income as the funds for France to overcome difficulties, and the nobles publicly expressed their refusal to the crown prince in the Palace of Versailles."
"You mean, will the Parisians rebel?"
"I don't know, the people in the embassy are pessimistic. The situation in Paris is very complicated now, at least there is a certain riot."
Li Zhaoyu asked directly: "Sir Shaojie, what should I do if the empire's expatriates in Paris?"
The empire did not have many expatriates in France, mainly in Paris, and they did not come here for a long time, with more than 300 people, most of which came after the outbreak of the Spanish War of Succession and France purchased supplies from the empire on a large scale. They included accountants, merchants, and engineers and technicians who provided technical support for mechanical production.
"I will arrange for them to evacuate." Shaojie said.
Li Zhaocheng immediately stood up and saluted: "Sir, as a soldier, I ask to participate in the evacuation of overseas Chinese."
Li Zhaoyu said plainly: "Mr. Shaojie, as a royal family, I am responsible to the people of the empire."
This was a kind of pressure. In order to get the two princes to evacuate dangerous areas, Shaojie had to arrange the evacuation of the expatriates as much as possible. He acted very quickly. In just two days, he evacuated 317 expatriates in Paris and notified the expatriates scattered in other areas to gather at the port. The Li Zhaoyu and his brothers were able to avoid the riots in Paris, but they did not witness the luck of what later generations called the first French Revolution.
During the two days when the empire was busy evacuating the expatriates, news that the Palace of Versailles agreed to pay compensation to the Grand Alliance and that all compensation was borne by civilians spread throughout Paris. A large-scale demonstration broke out and the French army came forward, but the army did not fire, but maintained the order in Paris. The French crown prince even came to the city of Paris in person to appease the people.
However, facing the people gathered in the square and surrounding streets, the crown prince also retreated. He originally wanted to tell the truth. The fact was that rumors spread in Paris were that the Grand Alliance did make compensation and cede land demands. However, the nobles of Versailles had jointly refused to request cede land, and also formed a consensus on the condition of opening the market--it could be opened, but it could only be opened a little.
On the issue of reparations that are most valued by the French people, the requirements of the countries of the Grand Alliance are also different. The so-called 500 million yuan is a requirement put forward by Austria, which is an obvious sky-high price.
Because this is equivalent to France's fiscal revenue for five years, this is when the French government already has two billion livre national debts that have not been paid off. The UK, the Netherlands and other countries require relatively few compensations. According to the nobles who went to negotiate, if the Austrians did not ask for a price all over the sky, the amount of compensation would be between 200 million and 300 million.
When the arrogant prince set out at the Palace of Versailles, he thought that the French people were demonstrating out of patriotism. After that, he realized that these people were not concerned about the amount of compensation, but who would pay the compensation. As civilians of the third level, they would never bear the compensation caused by the failure of the nobles alone.
Because in the rumors spread throughout Paris and even France, the so-called compensation is not compensation at all, but ransom, to redeem King Louis XIV.
Therefore, the speech delivered by the Crown Prince was completely different from his plan. On the one hand, he firmly stated that he would safeguard the dignity and interests of France, but the representatives of the protesters immediately asked about the issue of compensation. Faced with tens of thousands of people, the Crown Prince could only be ambiguous, but said that this issue had not been determined yet, and all relevant information that appeared among the people was false information.
But when facing the question raised by the people, who will bear the ransom, the crown prince chose to leave, but was blocked. In the end, he could only say ambiguously that this matter was not sure.
In order to escape, the crown prince dared not say what the French did not want to hear, but this indecisiveness caused greater disaster.
After the Crown Prince returned to Versailles that day, a news came from the cafe, bar and salon, accompanied by a printed leaflet.
"How will the Crown Prince be determined"
This was the work of Baron Montesquieu. He stated in the leaflet that whether it is compensation or cedescendance, it is a humiliation to the whole of France, and the French should unite and bear it together. This statement is exactly the same as the Crown Prince. Later, Montesquieu described how the Crown Prince would make a decision in a sharp and sarcastic tone.
If the amount of this compensation is relatively small, such as tens of millions of Liver, then the crown prince will directly use the army to forcibly disperse the third-level protests and meet the compensation requirements of the Grand Alliance through tax increases.
If the amount of this compensation is too large, it will cause nationwide sexual riots. The crown prince will choose to hold a national third-level meeting that has not been held for 90 years to promote the passage of taxation.
The reason is very simple. The so-called French third-level meeting treats priests as the first level, nobles as the second level, and civilians as the third level. However, the third-level meeting votes, with only one vote per level, resulting in the privileged class, who only accounts for one percent of the population, who each time a third-level meeting was held in history, can use two votes to one vote to form an overwhelming advantage over the third level, and achieve the results they want.
In ten days, almost everyone saw Baron Montesquieu's flyer or knew the content from others. People quietly waited for the response from Versailles, the whole of Paris, no, the whole of France seemed to be dull and depressing before the summer storm.
Dark clouds enveloped the whole of France because the Sun King was not in Paris.
Although the facts finally proved that the Palace of Versailles performed politically according to the script that had been published, the problem is that the people know much less than what happened. The French ruling class had engaged in long-term games and quarrels, but these were all in Versailles. In the eyes of the French people, after eating, drinking and having fun in Versailles, the nobles would definitely use the tricks of the third-level meeting to play with the people.
During these ten days, Louis XIV sent an order from Strasbourg again, requiring the French nobles to take out ten percent of their income as part of the reparation and bear it together with the third level. However, the nobles did not hesitate to use the tools of the nobles to fight against the imperial power, and the High Court of Paris to fight against it, declaring the order invalid.
Ten days later, the Palace of Versailles sent representatives of nobles and judges of the High Court to announce that a third-level meeting would be held to decide whether to increase taxes.
In an instant, this triggered wider protests, because everyone knows that this is cheating. If you still cheat like this, isn’t this treating the common people as fools?
This time, the French people clashed with the army, united and drove the army of only a few thousand people out of the city of Paris, and handed the conditions that had been brewing for ten days to the Palace of Versailles.
1. A third-level meeting can be held, but the civilian authority as a third-level must be doubled.
2. One vote cannot be made at one level, and representatives must be allowed to vote, one vote per person.
Facts have proved that the Crown Prince of France was a cowardly and repetitive person. When Louis XIV was trapped and the entire French nobles wanted him to lead the fight against internal and external troubles, the Crown Prince lost ground and was completely decisive without his father's decisiveness.
After fierce discussion, Versailles' response was still disappointing. The third level requirement can be agreed, but only half of it can be agreed, that is, there are two votes in the third level and two votes in the first two levels.
Chapter completed!