Chapter 12 Iron Cavalry
War horses are extremely sensitive and delicate creatures. Even at 800 meters, war horses can reach full speed. According to the Army Cavalry Practice, they use slow running during the enemy's reception stage and run fast in the firepower range. Only within 300 meters of the enemy can they drive with all their strength. You must know that this is the regulations for the most elite breastplate cavalry. Their mounts are Kati Ava horses or three-generation hybrid horses with shoulder heights of more than 1.55 meters and full-strength horses, rather than Mongolian horses with shoulder heights of less than 1.35 meters. Although the Manchu and Mongolian cavalry do not have any exercises, they can run at full speed only about 200 meters in experience.
This means it takes four minutes from the Qing cavalry coming out to the rushing into the infantry camp array, and the attack window for the artillery is two and a half minutes, which means that the four-pound cannon cannon nine times, while the light howitzer cannon seven times.
The Qing cavalry stirred up smoke and dust. On the ready-made artillery position, the four-pound cannon fired first. After two rounds of solid bullets were fired in the smoke and dust, it quickly replaced it with heavy socks. The same is true for howitzers. Although the grenades fired at a distance of 400 meters can also attack, compared with the four hundred meters, fifty meters, there were a total of sixty-one heavy socks that were covered with shotguns. The gunpowder loaded by the grenades was simply not worth mentioning. This was not improved until the grenades appeared.
Because the cavalry archers were broken up by the twelve-pound cannons, Zhumala no longer did anything and directly ordered the rushing battle. The one who led the heavy cavalry that the Qing army relied on for a living was naturally the white armored soldiers. In fact, they were cavalry wearing two layers of armor. Of course, their cavalry was not professional, and it was more reasonable to call them heavy infantry riding, but at this time they acted as the decision of heavy cavalry.
Four howitzers and six four-pound guns used solid bullets, heavy socks and socks, until the last round of artillery bombs, and double socks were used. After these rounds, tens of thousands of leads attacked the Qing army's cavalry curtain like a storm. A storm of blood arrows was fired in the yellow earth-colored smoke and dust. Countless people howling and horse neighing were mixed, but all this was nothing to the artillery. They completed their own work, evacuated the battlefield, and handed over the wide front to the infantry battalion.
The soldiers of the infantry battalion were arranged into battalion-level horizontal formations, and used battalion-level volleys to deal with the attacking Qing cavalry. After three rounds of volleys, the volleys were already in chaos and could no longer be organized. The entire battalion entered the free shooting mode. Facing the sharp bayonet, the sensitive war horses instinctively chose to avoid it. Most of them moved south and chose the widest movement space, but also exposed the wide side in front of the line infantry in the horizontal formation of the front. The line infantry were in one unit, shooting in turn, loading bullets, and then shooting again, harvesting the Qing army running past them.
The iron rain released by the army shattered all the defenses of the Qing army. The exquisite iron armor and thick cotton armor were as fragile as tofu, and the war horses were even more unimpressive. The kinetic energy of thousands of cavalry, which ended abruptly under the layers of defense of artillery and infantry, were left with only corpses all over the ground, wailing wounded and wounded horses. As for the small number of cavalry that accidentally rushed into the army and the Qiongfan, they never appeared again.
By the time the Qing army's cavalry had left the fire zone, the open space between the two armies was already in a mess, and the cavalry lost their organization, and the war horses that had just experienced blood and fire lost too much physical strength. When the artillery retreated, the communication officers sent by Li Shan had arrived at the Cavalry Brigade, and the cavalry brigade commander sent his breastplate cavalry regiment and the light cavalry regiment, a total of two thousand cavalry, more than eight hundred breastplate cavalry and one thousand two hundred cavalry regiment.
With the impact of the war horses, the straight sword of the cavalry could cut the Qing soldiers' bodies in half at the moment of contact. The cavalry curtain was like a road roller, which fiercely attacked the Qing army array. It took only five minutes to chisel through the Qing cavalry array, leaving behind hundreds of people and horses behind. With the flag raised by the cavalry brigade commander, the cavalry that suffered casualties maintained the complete array in the steering direction, contracted again during the second charge, and then rolled in again. This time the Qing army collapsed.
Zhumala's Gushan Ezhen Banner fell in the queue, and countless cavalry fled in scattered. No one dared to stop the chest-plated cavalry again. The unlucky guy who was chased was either stabbed to the heart by a straight sword or was slashed off the head by a sabre.
This is the first time that the United States cavalry has established its own tactics on the mainland. Although it is only half a brigade, it is already shocking.
The cavalry assaulted, the Qing army dispersed, and there were corpses on the battlefield between the two sides, and wailing and screaming endlessly. The cavalry received the order to retreat, took away their wounded soldiers, retreated into the central army, avoiding the shells fired by the three-pound cannon. At this time, Li Shan's infantry had already begun to attack again.
Before the six-pound cannons were strengthened to the array, without the threat of cavalry, they could use their range advantage to bully the Qing army's three-pound cannons at a distance of 500 meters. Soon, the three-pound cannons were knocked over to the ground. After the six-pound cannons sprinkled heavy socks, the Qing army artillery and scattered soldiers retreated, and the six-pound cannons continued to move forward. At a position where the Qing army's multi-faceted fort could not be hit, they shot the fences and antlers in front of the Qing army's infantry. At a distance of 300 meters, heavy socks were more useful than solid bullets. The fences were broken and the array began to be chaotic. At this time, the line infantry finally arrived at the battlefield.
At 300 meters, infantrymen in the line began to fire volleys. Of course, this distance also exceeded the effective distance of direct shooting of flintlock rifles. Although it is listed as the direct shooting distance in the Caodian, the experience of veterans and non-commissioned officers is to aim at the enemy's soldiers' heads, and to enter 200 meters, aim at the head, 150 meters, and within 100 meters, aiming at the knees is more appropriate, because the barrel will be raised after the firearm is fired, and the soldiers' actions of turning their heads to protect their eyes will also lead to this consequence.
Each battalion began to use rotary shooting. Two rows of soldiers fired forward respectively. The same would be true after loading ammunition in the back row. Because the army had backpacks, the horizontal formation was two layers. On the contrary, the Marines were backed by sea and did not assemble backpacks, so they were three rows of shooting. The firepower of the three rows of shooting was better, and it was also in line with the three-stage strike tactics derived from the Ming army. However, the army still chose two-stage soldiers because the backpacks occupied a considerable space. The debris that came out of the barrel of the gun after shooting in the third row would burn the face of the first row of soldiers.
The Qing army also began to counterattack, still in the old three-stage attack, two rows and one unit, shooting back to the back to load bullets, followed by two rows in the middle and two rows in the back, and two rows together, which covered the disadvantage of low firepower density of the unit of the convex gun, but it was still limited. The army shot from 300 meters to 100 meters. Because the shooting frequency was low, the barrel was not very hot. At the same time, the accompanying howitzers had intensively shot the multi-faceted fortress of the Qing army leaning as a pillar.
This multi-faceted castle is very strong and cannot be destroyed by twelve-pound cannons, but the disadvantage is that there is no defense on the top, only wooden rafts and straw mats are used to block the rain. The howitzer uses grenades to shoot from outside 300 meters. After blowing up the wooden boards on it, it successfully shot the grenades into the interior of the multi-faceted castle, causing a death-destruction, and none of the people inside ran out.
After resolving the threat of artillery bases, the army's shooting was even more unscrupulous. At a distance of 100 meters, the entire battalion was volleyed. At this distance, the hit rate of the flintlock rifle will not exceed 3%, and of course it is even lower on the battlefield, which may be two%. But now there are still 5,500 soldiers on the front line. After each volley, hundreds of Qing soldiers will die. At this distance, if you are hit by a lead, you will die. The difference is just to die immediately or die in pain.
The army had no need to shoot within 100 meters at all. Even though the commanders knew that the hit rate of the seventy-meter shooting was 10%. With the fighting will of the Green Camp, one round could force it to collapse, but the hit rate was effective for both sides. After several rounds of failure, the army did not think that the Green Camp's fighting spirit was strong.
Sure enough, after four rounds of volleys a hundred meters away, the Shandong Green Camp completely collapsed and gave up the array and fled back desperately. Some people even stabbed the knife into the neck of the Manchu master. The army left 1,22 white corpses and more than 400 wounded people on the position, and only collapsed after a casualty rate of 25%. After the cavalry defeat, the performance of the Shandong Green Camp was amazing, which proved two points: First, the Qing army's new army training has great results. Second, the invincible victory of the Eight Banners of Manchuria is still a belief for the Green Camp.
As Shandong Green Camp retreated, the Qing army completely gave up its position east of the Futian River, and the battle for the multi-faceted fort ended. Before nightfall, Qiongfan and Jinfan respectively sent troops to help the army stabilize the defense line and build fortifications. The battle report reached the hands of the generals of the army. The army destroyed more than 2,100 cavalry and 1,600 infantry at the cost of killing 130 cavalry and 75 infantrymen, and fought for the multi-faceted fortress. The Allied forces won again, and strategically, they pushed the Qing army into the core position, and the Allied side gained a geographical advantage, which means that when the battle broke out again, the Allied forces would be exerted.
Chapter completed!