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Chapter 917 Taxation

If you find a female husband to go back, it’s not like facing each other day, but it’s also considered a melon field. If you say it doesn’t affect my reputation, it won’t affect it?

The key is that you are still wearing men's clothes to our house, and you are dressed as a gentle young man. My backyard is so big. When others see it, they think I'm going to be a novice at home.

Chen Xi pondered for a moment and said, "My wife teaches my younger brother and sister for me, so she is in the backyard of the inn. No one will come to disturb me on weekdays."

After agreeing on the details of teaching, the woman nodded and immediately bowed and said she left.

Chen Xi cannot let her go out like this. When you come in, it is a young master. When you go out, you become a girl's house. Just the people in my governor's yamen may gossip. Those soldiers like to talk nonsense the most when they are fine.

Chen Xi asked her to cover her face with cloth, and then asked her to leave the mansion.

When the person left, Chen Xi couldn't help but sigh. In the end, he chose this woman to come back as a palace servant. What's the face?

"Master, do you want to send someone to send Shu Xiu?" Zhu Qi came in and asked.

Chen Xi waved his hand and said, "Shu Xiu doesn't have to send him away. I'll wait a few more times to teach, let's talk about it."

A woman said that she was taking on this job for the salary of two taels of silver a month, but Chen Xi didn't believe it. Perhaps there was an ulterior motive behind this woman. It was inconvenient for him to directly ask the people from the governor's yamen to investigate, but she could ask Hui Niang and Li Jin to help him investigate.

After Chen Xi told Hui Niang about the matter, Hui Niang was prepared for this and asked with a smile: "Master, should I choose Miss Qi as the seat?"

Chen Xi was a little surprised: "Hui'er, you know everything?"

Hui Niang explained: "After I told the master last time, I became concerned about this matter and found out about Miss Qi's situation. Miss Qi was originally an official in Huizhou Prefecture, but unfortunately she lost her crime. A high-ranking official redeemed her family, and later found a merchant family in Guangzhou Prefecture to marry him."

"My husband's family was originally from a wealthy family, but her husband liked to bet. Within two years, he lost all his property and her dowry. He had no choice but to show up, otherwise it would be a problem to fill his stomach. But if he only taught girls' schools, the number of students is limited and it is not enough to maintain the family income. This time, the seat in the Chenfu is purely for helping to supplement the family."

This woman has a rough life experience.

The daughter of an official received a good education since childhood, but when she grew up, she became a criminal because of her father and brother who was an official, and became a monk. It seems that she met a "noble man" later.

This noble man redeems her, but fails to take her into the door, which means that she is irresponsible after she finishes her game. She is very difficult to marry a merchant and become a family husband. Her husband is good at gambling and cannot keep the family business, so she can only come out to teach others, and teaches the daughter of a noble family. But in this era when a woman has no talent and virtue, it is obvious that life is still very difficult.

Chen Xi saw this woman's method, and it can be said that even Tang Yin, Xia Kuan and others did not have the scheming or strategy like her. It may be a bit of a past to say that she is a "female Zhuge", but at least she is a smart, wise and insightful woman.

"Help pay attention. If she approaches the governor's yamen, I'll be prepared for it if she has any unspeakable purpose, so I'll be prepared for it." Chen Xi instructed, "I will lead troops north in early March. I will give you the clearance document for transporting goods to Guizhou Province before. In the future, you and Jin'er will be responsible for the business in Guangdong and Guangxi. Local news will be required to summarize and organize."

Hui Niang bowed and said, "Yes, Master."

Hui Niang was not considered a big belly at this time, but he liked to hold the pregnant Hui Niang on his legs and use his hands to feel the warmth of Hui Niang's body. This was also his long-term effort to melt the ice in Hui Niang's heart, and the relationship between the two was developing in a benign direction.

...

...

On February 13th, the female husband hired by Chen Xi officially started classes in the backyard of the inn.

Chen Xi sent both Chen Yun and Shen Yier to study. In order to make Xie Yuner not worry that the male gentleman would damage Chen Yier's reputation, he privately told Xie Yuner about the fact that the husband was a woman.

Xie Yuner was despised when she heard the news, but when she saw the article written by the female husband, she had to sincerely admire her. Although she could not write gorgeous articles, at least the quality of the article was to be clearly distinguished. In her eyes, there was no problem with the exam of the Four Books.

As for Chen Xi’s four-frame comic essay title, she was a little confused.

Chen Yun cried for a few days, but before he could get out of the haze of "losing my mother", he had to carry his schoolbag and follow his sister to the backyard of the yamen to attend class. He hung his head like an angry bag, sat down side by side with his sister, and the students who taught elementary school were "Three Character Classic" and "Thousand Character Classic".

"Three Character Classic" and "Thousand Character Classic" are the teaching materials for many schools in this era, but they are not formal textbooks. After all, what they learn is not the content of the imperial examination, but it is very helpful for teaching students to recognize words. Most of the women who learn to learn to educate their children, mostly use these two books.

Chen Yun and Shen Yier were studying in the backyard, while Chen Xi buried his head in the middle hall in front of him and wrote martial arts novels. There seemed to be no conflict between the two, but when Chen Xi heard the sound of the man reading aloud, he suddenly missed the carefree time he went to school.

Chen Xi is now a third-rank official and governor. In order to coax his children, he had to sit in the hall to write martial arts novels, which are "despicable" in the eyes of Confucians. But this is part of his management of power, unless he wants to be an official outside for the rest of his life and not be involved in the supreme authority of the Ming Dynasty.

Chen Xi is currently writing "The Smiling, Proud Wanderer". He wrote like a flying place. He couldn't help but immerse himself in the story. Zhu Hong came in and reported: "Sir, the vassal officials sent someone to determine the spring plow tax this year."

"I understand." Chen Xi put down his pen, put down the manuscript that had written more than 30 pages, walked out of the door, walked through the yard, and went to the front hall to discuss business with the people in the governor's office.

Before the implementation of the "One Whip Law", the harsh and miscellaneous taxes collected were relatively complex and could be basically divided into three categories: land tax, service and military service.

The so-called tax acre means that grain households need to collect land tax based on the amount of land they cultivate; servants are errands that the government needs to assign, such as Jiehu, prison guard, men, Doushi, patrol, zhaifu, dinner, etc. These cannot be replaced by money before the implementation of the One Whip Law, and must serve as humans; military service is military service.

People use grain to pay taxes. After local governments collect grain, they need to exchange silver for money and pay it to the treasury. There are many gray links involved, such as loss and the color of money, so officials have the opportunity to get along.

Until the implementation of the One Whip Law, the "integration of land and Ding" was achieved to a certain extent, and taxes were collected according to tax acres. Land, service and military service were all replaced by silver instead of grain. There was no need to pay grain to the court, but instead of taxes, etc. This greatly simplified the process of tax collection in the court, and also allowed laborers to leave their own fields and enter the city to work, which greatly promoted the development of industry and commerce.

The one-whip method is actually very simple, and its characteristics can be summarized in sixteen words: merger, merger and collection, payment with silver, and official collection. More complicated is "tax merger, land counting, land tax collection, land tax collection, regular and mixed coordination, tax service silver is directly collected by local governments."

The One Whip Law actually did not change the total amount of tax burden, nor did it reflect the "light tax and low tax" idea in the Confucian financial concept. Under the institutional norms of fixed taxation, the "Hongwu Ancestor System", it only changed the method of collection. By expanding the tax burden, it changed the burden of various taxpayers to a certain extent and formed a new interest pattern.

Before the implementation of the One Whip Law, many measures to replace corvee labor with silver had appeared in the local area. For example, in Guangdong Province, the Ten-State Brocade Law, the Outline Silver Law and the Equalized Silver Law were implemented at the same time. It can be said that by the middle of the Ming Dynasty, both the court and the local government had already realized the disadvantages of the tax and corvee labor system, but the lack of a unified system of the court to change the status quo, but some new systems implemented by the local government were also adopted by the court.

...

...

Now that Zhang Juzheng is still more than 20 years old, although Chen Xi intends to carry out tax reforms in Guangdong Province, he is afraid that he will touch the interests of too many people.

Land reform will always harm the interests of the landlord class and will be obstructed by the bureaucratic class, because most of the officials are "big landlords".

Officials have power and power, so they naturally don’t have to worry about money. They can buy more land and pass on it from generation to generation. They buy the land back, but the land tax is less or even no, and the burden of national taxes falls completely on ordinary people.

Reform requires re-measurement of land, all land is compiled according to the owner of households, and all land hidden by the landlords is exposed, and taxation is levied according to the actual amount of land.

While telling the people and the court that only the existing system can better maintain the treasury income and maintain the people's living and working in peace, the landlord tried his best to cover up the biggest facts and occupy a large amount of wealth of the country and the people, which leads to the rich becoming richer and the poor becoming poorer.

Taking Chen Xi himself as an example, the Shen family is now a landlord class and owns hundreds of acres of land in Ninghua. To implement the "one-whip method" or "spreading a person into a mu", it is equivalent to digging out a corner of his own family. Without the need for the powerful and powerful court to punish him, my father and mother would be the first to refuse to agree.

Chen Xi and the Administrator discussed the determination of the number of taxable acres in Guangdong Province, which was an important basis for Guangdong Province to pay taxes to the court in that year. According to previous rules, the number of taxable acres and land in the new year was about one percent on the basis of the previous year, and the number of land reclamation for a province was far more than that.

After agreeing with the court to collect taxes, the yamen of the Ministry of Administration will issue the specific amount and quota to the prefectures, and then the prefectures will quota to each county, and each county will quota to each Lijia, and the quota will be given to the private households.

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Chapter completed!
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