It turns out that after becoming the richest Chinese, Yang Xing has a great energy to use various resources. When Yang Xing and Wen Rengui sat together the next day, he was amazed at the current situation of international nuclear energy. This was all Yu Ge and the others stayed up all night to supply him. Now he is like a nuclear power plant expert, talking endlessly about the division of four-generation nuclear power plants in the international world. [w..cm

｜I｜|】

It is generally believed that the verification nuclear power plants built in the 1950s and 1960s are called the first generation. The nuclear power plants built in the 1970s and 1980s are called the second generation, and the third generation refers to the advanced light water reactors developed and researched in the 1990s. The concept of the fourth generation of nuclear power technology was first proposed by the Clinton administration in June 1999 and received support from some countries. However, it is still in the development stage. There are six design concepts, but none of them are practical.

Now the international mainstream nuclear power plants are all second-generation products. Due to the lack of consideration of conditions such as nuclear leakage and radiation prevention at that time, major nuclear leakage accidents such as the Three Mile Island in the United States and the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the Soviet Union occurred during the development of nuclear power plants, which aroused widespread attention and great concern for nuclear power plants internationally, resulting in constant calls for opposition to the construction of nuclear power plants. As people's environmental awareness increases, this wave is still expanding. Many countries that once launched nuclear power plants have announced that they will no longer develop new nuclear power plants, and international nuclear power construction is at a low point.

But for many major countries, nuclear power technology is to ensure national energy quality and not be subject to sudden energy interruptions. Nuclear power is the only new energy technology in terms of price and energy output stability that can be compared with traditional power generation technology. Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, etc. in renewable energy face problems such as high unit energy prices, unstable energy output, and the need to transform the entire electricity. Many countries must implement huge financial subsidies in order to develop renewable energy. In the long run, it is difficult to sustain.

Since safety is the prerequisite for the development of nuclear power, in addition to extending life and supplementing the second-generation upgrade units of operating second-generation units, the current international nuclear power construction trends will adopt safer and more economical advanced third-generation nuclear power units.

With the advancement of science and technology, the third-generation nuclear power plant technology developed by scientists on the basis of the second-generation mature nuclear power plants can ensure extremely high safety standards. The third-generation nuclear power plants include the US AAP1000 nuclear power plant and the European EAP.

As the representative of nuclear power plant technology, their safety and economicality are significantly better than second-generation nuclear power plants.

my country is not too late to develop nuclear power generation, almost in line with the research and development of the two bombs. However, due to weak independent technology and insufficient experience in commercial nuclear power plants, the first commercial nuclear power plant in Guangdong, was born more than 30 years later than in the international market. It basically uses French technology. However, the country is very determined to launch the nuclear power plant, which aroused strong opposition from Hong Kong near the Daya Bay. After digesting foreign technology, it began to build the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant with a strong experimental nature.

After a period of exploration of crossing the river by feeling the stones, the country soon discovered the huge advantages of nuclear power. Compared with the environmental pollution of thermal power and heavy fuel transportation pressure, nuclear power plants are clean and efficient, and raw material demand, and other characteristics are very suitable for filling the power gap in coastal economically developed areas. In my country's 15th long-term development plan, it is trying to increase the proportion of nuclear energy in domestic energy to 5-10%. Since the 1990s, the number of nuclear power plants approved for construction on coastal areas has reached more than a dozen.

Compared with China abroad, we have a certain latecomer advantage. Since the number of second-generation nuclear power plants originally built is small, we have set our sights on safer and more economical third-generation nuclear power plants from the beginning. We are actively developing fourth-generation nuclear power technologies with independent intellectual property rights, striving to shorten the gap with international level. Now, we have made certain breakthroughs in ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactors and fast neutron breeding reactors.

Wen Rengui and Yang Xing talked about the nuclear power plant that was considering settling in Hainan. It was to use the AAP1000 pressurized water reactor purchased from Westinghouse, the United States. As a representative work of the third-generation reactor. The American AAP1000 is very safe. The safety system adopts the "non-active" design concept. The designers try to consider the use of the natural characteristics of matter, such as gravity, natural circulation, and the energy of compressed gas. There is no need for pumps, AC power supplies, emergency diesel engines, and corresponding support systems such as ventilation and cooling water, which greatly simplifies the safety system and greatly reduces the errors caused by human factors. The design concept of this "non-active" safety system is a major innovation in the nuclear power technology of pressurized water reactors.

Yang Xing agrees with the "non-active" safety system. The rebirth of the Fukushima nuclear power plant crisis in Japan still remembers it freshly, completely breaking the myth of long-term "safety" of Japan's nuclear power plant. The main reason for this nuclear accident was that the tsunami destroyed the condensation equipment and backup generators of the nuclear power plant, making all the prepared emergency measures invalid. If the design idea of ​​the AP1000 reactor is adopted and natural principles are used to solve the problem, the Fukushima nuclear power plant crisis may not rise to the point that is comparable to Chernobyl.

In addition, so far, all nuclear power plants in China have been built on the coast. Data provided by experts on site show that more than 70% of the 430 nuclear power plants in the world are built in the inland. The former Soviet Union's pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants are 100%, while the United States is 75.7%. Ap1000 was originally designed to be built inland. If the technology is successfully introduced, it can also provide a new energy option for many areas in the mainland that lack hydropower and thermal power locations. The central government has considered using the Ap1000 reactor technology to build four nuclear power plants nationwide.

Yang Xing gathered the wisdom of his experts and was very knowledgeable about the advantages and disadvantages of the ASP1000 reactor. He believed that nuclear power technology, as the most practical technology in new energy, could not be stuck in the process of simply safety issues. Although some people criticized the introduction of the ASP1000 reactor, which was the inventor of the United States, but the United States did not use the technology on the spot. We planned to build four nuclear power plants at once, and took too much steps, and were testing for others.

But Yang Xing believes that the adoption of any new technology always requires the courage to break the routine. Nuclear power plants have been used for decades. Compared with other power plants, long-term safety data is guaranteed and we cannot be beaten by choking. Introducing the AP1000 reactor can not only alleviate domestic energy pressure, but also obtain the latest international nuclear power technology. The safety of AP1000 is much higher than many second-generation nuclear power plants we are building. Reform is a challenge. Have we lost the courage to take the lead?

Obviously, Yang Xing's encouragement was recognized by most people at the scene. Hainan government officials who attended the meeting immediately expressed their willingness to ask the central government for the construction of an AAP1000 reactor nuclear power plant in Yangpu or Haikou. In addition to solving the power shortage, they also took a fancy to the characteristics of large initial investment and long construction cycle of nuclear power plants, because this can absorb a large amount of local labor and drive the development of local related industries. Since the nuclear power plant itself can receive special subsidies from the state, and the use of experimental technology such as the AAP1000 reactor can obtain special funding. The Hainan government has almost no resistance and has allowed the plan to introduce a new nuclear power plant to be approved.

However, the next step is that some people present are confused about the site to build the fourth-generation experimental ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactor in Hainan. Compared with the third-generation nuclear power technology, most of the fourth-generation nuclear power is still in the concept design stage. After the Americans proposed it in 1999, there are great controversies in the international field about its development direction and the advantages and disadvantages of various technologies. At present, everyone thinks that the more promising are six nuclear power technologies.

The fourth-generation nuclear reactor includes three fast neutron reactors and three thermal neutron reactors. The three fast neutron reactors are sodium-cooled fast reactors with advanced fuel cycles, lead-cooled fast reactors and air-cooled fast reactors. The three thermal neutron reactors are supercritical water-cooled reactors, ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactors and molten salt reactors. Their purpose is to significantly reduce nuclear waste, make full use of uranium resources, reduce the construction and operation costs of nuclear power plants, and better control nuclear proliferation and enhance safety.

In this regard, the Soviet secret files brought back by Yang Xing have helped a lot. In the National Medium- and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan launched last year, the central government proposed to use the fourth-generation nuclear power technology as a major special project, with no determination or funds to invest. At present, major breakthroughs have been made in ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactors and fast neutron breeding reactors. Among them, the ultra-high temperature gas-cooled reactors have made the most progress. They have left the laboratory, prepared to achieve commercial operations, and generate electricity.

After his subordinates' technological literacy, Yang Xing knew that this ultra-high temperature air-cooled reactor was not widely circulated in his previous life, and was known as the new power device of the latest domestic nuclear submarine. In fact, just think about the efficiency of water cooling and air cooling, you will know that the weight and size of this reactor will definitely not be installed on a submarine that is chewy and narrow in size.

The graphite ball bed air-cooled pile that my country chose to develop before is like a coal ball furnace that burns nuclear fuel. The nuclear fuel balls wrapped in graphite shells are piled up together to heat up, and then use high-pressure helium to carry away heat to generate electricity. However, after the introduction of Soviet technology, the dangerous graphite nuclear fuel balls were replaced with a columnar appearance, adding more safety.

The country is considering the site to build a 200,000-kilowatt high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plant, but the experts present also argued about this new technology, which made Hainan officials a little confused and secretly asked Yang Xing on the side. Yang Xing only wrote on paper that "This project is regarded as a landmark project for building an innovative country, and Hainan needs greater fame" to them, which made them suddenly realize and immediately stood up and patted their chests, ensuring that even if they raised funds themselves, they would launch the project. Although Wen Rengui was a little surprised by their enthusiasm, he still agreed to ask the central government for instructions and decided.
Chapter completed!