All human expectations and fears about cloning are actually understanding of the future.

Clones from the 1980s, or clones from 2010, have neither practical application value nor any need for fear.

However, if this is taken as a starting point, cloning will become very useful and terrifying by 2050.

From a technical perspective, this is mainly because cloning can be very modular.

The cloning development process is very cumbersome, but if you lock all the cumbersome into the module, it will be very simple.

Taking cloning sheep as an example, first pick out the cells of Sheep No. 1 and take the nucleus. This is the first module. The nucleus of Sheep No. 1 is stuffed into the nucleation-egging egg cells of Sheep No. 2, which is the second module. The egg cells are stuffed into the body of Sheep No. 3, and a lamb is given out by Sheep No. 3. This is the third module.

Three steps, simplifying them, can be called taking nuclei, plugging nuclei, and giving up the cub.

If all three modules are broken, they can use automation technology, just like the PCR instrument after 2010. Just find a cave with electricity or any naughty child’s bedroom to start cloning.

Imagine how comfortable such convenient technology will be for agriculture, medical care and animal husbandry. Even traditional Chinese medicine will benefit greatly. If you want to grind rhino horns, it is no problem. Cloning a rhino or simply cloning a rhino horn is not difficult - the new trend will be a pharmacy scene, allowing customers to watch you clone a rhino on the spot, and you can ride it for a while before cutting the horns. The user experience is brutal and interesting.

If convenience is used to infringe on the rights of others, it can probably be violated. Without terrorist organizations and other high-end crimes, when anyone can clone a wagyu cow with a complete set of equipment, the Japanese will probably not be too happy. In fact, when cloning technology is proven, Merino wool is required to be inactivated and exported, but if the wool can be inactivated, the inactivation plan of beef is a bit difficult.

However, convenient technologies have been developed.

Standing on the land of China in 1988, Yang Rui faced many difficulties first.

The first hurdle to cloning a sheep is super-ovulation.

Yes, the super-ovulation required for embryo transfer of cattle is the same technique.

Yang Rui agreed to Ding Shiyi and others' plan that day to form the Haidian District Genetic Engineering Laboratory, which is because many techniques for cattle embryo transfer can be used for cloning.

However, if you don’t even think about it at all and just want to transplant it directly, it is impossible.

Not to mention that one is a cow's super ovulation, and the other is a sheep's super ovulation. Even if it is a cow, the requirements for different breeds are different.

The task is even more complicated for the Yang Rui Genetic Engineering Laboratory that has not been built in the experimental site. Because they are not facing the problem of transferring technology from cattle to sheep, but transferring technology from cattle to 34 kinds of sheep.

Yang Rui was not sure which breed of sheep would be adopted to replace Dolly's status, so in the laboratory, he could only post a large piece of white paper, write all the names of the 34 kinds of sheep, and try it in groups.

If you use hormones, don’t use hormones, neutral environments, light acidic environments, and light alkaline environments...

If all the possibilities are arranged and combined, it would not be enough to expand Yang Rui's genetic engineering laboratory ten times.

Therefore, Yang Rui just drew a line. Once a sheep can test a combination of a combination, even if it passes, it will be impossible to pass in the end, and even if it is eliminated in the first round.

Some people may say, what is the relationship between super-number ovulation and cloning sheep?

In fact, it is still a relationship between cost and time.

Because in the second step, putting Sheep's cell nucleus into Sheep's unfertilized egg cells will encounter countless failures.

The nucleus of Yang Yi can be selected from various somatic cells. The raw materials are infinite, and the number of egg cells is limited.

If you do not use super-ovulation, you will need more sheep.

Thousands are not necessarily enough.

Why is the Korean national scientist Huang Woo-seok disgraced? When he was doing cloning, because the society donated egg cells, he forced female researchers and female students in the laboratory to provide egg cells. It was so bad that he had basically stepped on the area of ​​evil scientists.

Although cloning sheep does not involve such a problem, the egg cells that a sheep can provide are very limited, so the breeds of sheep with low ovulation efficiency are basically unusable.

It takes several years for a cloned sheep to be done without a reason.

Even though Yang Rui had already made many arrangements and preparations, just the first step of the second module, he achieved the completion of Yang Rui's genetic engineering laboratory, which took almost three months.

And during this period, the first step of the first module is to extract the cell nucleus in a long time!

The newly established 8811 project is so silent that it is really disappointing that the establishment of Yang Rui's Genetic Engineering Laboratory shows almost no sign of a big show. Although there are many media reporters, it is far from enough compared with the scale when Yang Rui won the Nobel Prize.

As the official representative, Hu Chi was very worried that Yang Rui would be thinking randomly. When he saw Yang Rui, he said, "Everyone knows that scientific research takes time. No one expects you to achieve results in two or three months. The media is chasing hot topics. It is actually not easy to hear that so many people can come this time."

"No, Peking University and Tsinghua University and the Academy of Sciences have come forward together. Those who are playing in the technology sector must give face." Yang Rui teased, not seeing anything on the surface.

Hu Chi was even more worried and said, "This is not everyone's face, but confidence in you. Don't worry, as far as I know, the leader still trusts you very much. You just need to do research seriously. Besides, your laboratory has just been completed, and if you count the time, it is the beginning stage."

Among the leaders Hu Chi knows, they naturally include Gong Qiao, and even refer to Gong Qiao specifically.

Yang Rui immediately responded: "Thanks to the leaders for their concern, but we have started and there will be no big problems in progress."

"Don't chase the progress, it will affect your rhythm." Hu Chi thought very much for Yang Rui.

He has experience in the scientific community and knows that many steps of scientific research can actually change, but the fastest steps may not be the optimal method, and the model of early results may not be conducive to later research.

For Yang Rui now, research is done quickly and small results are produced, and there is no need for it except for some publicity advantages.

What is the value of domestic media coverage? If it is really necessary, all media on the propaganda front must have the same caliber. Hu Chi was very worried that Yang Rui would not see this and chose the wrong way of expression.

Of course, Hu Chi would not remind scientists who are in ordinary relationships like this at all.

Yang Rui couldn't help but smile and said, "I do it at my own pace. Don't worry, I have no reason to chase the progress."

"I'm afraid you pay too much attention to the media." Hu Chi's worries cannot be said to be groundless. The power of the media is very powerful. The successive praise can easily make people feel elated, and the small scolding can also make people depressed.

Yang Rui grew up among flowers. If he had less applause, he might be unhappy, let alone have no results recently and is prone to being scolded.

A large amount of funds and policies were invested, but in three months, there was only one new laboratory completed news. Hu Chi could already imagine the media's serious face.

Yang Rui smiled and said, "If the media pays attention or not, if it cannot affect the funds, nothing will be counted."

He said blinking, which surprised Hu Chi.

This is completely different from the scientists he is familiar with.

I can only say that this is a deviation from the understanding between the two eras.

Scholars in the 21st century always pay attention to funding, and secondly, experimental conditions. With these two items, those who can achieve results can do everything and those who cannot achieve results can also benefit from it.

But in the 1980s, scholars were completely different in their focus. Because scholars could not move freely, they not only talk about science but also politics, and even the judgment of honors was not necessarily based on results. This made everyone pay great attention to public opinion, not only the views of leaders, but also the voice of the masses.

There are not so many troubles in the 21st century. Scholars have achieved success and can not only change jobs, but also go abroad. Therefore, although everyone cares about the opinions of leaders, they are no longer afraid of the masses, and social media is not the top priority.

When Yang Rui was a graduate student, funding had become the lifeline of scholars, and only with funds were the right to talk about other things. Of course, liberal arts scientists mainly had to talk about politics, after all, they were all subjective questions.

Under the gaze of the media that is less than usual but still a lot of people, Yang Rui completed the steps of cutting the ribbon and speaking, and announced that the 8811 project has officially entered the experimental stage.

For Bu Geng Xin and others, this also means that the confidentiality requirement has risen by two levels.
Chapter completed!